The walrus' other characteristic features are equally useful. [85], Currently, two of the three walrus subspecies are listed as "least-concern" by the IUCN, while the third is "data deficient". [according to whom? It is the sole surviving member of the family Odobenidae, one of three lineages in the suborder Pinnipedia along with true seals (Phocidae) and eared seals (Otariidae). Tusks are also used to form and maintain holes in the ice and aid the walrus in climbing out of water onto ice. [28] The females join them and copulate in the water. descended from a single ancestor, or diphyletic, recent genetic evidence suggests all three descended from a caniform ancestor most closely related to modern bears. Their population has rebounded somewhat since then, though the populations of Atlantic and Laptev walruses remain fragmented and at low levels compared with the time before human interference. © 1996-2015 National Geographic Society, © 2015- Call us before choosing a baby name at 1-866-489-1188 (toll-free in North America) or 604-263-9551. The walrus (Odobenus rosmarus) is a large flippered marine mammal with a discontinuous distribution about the North Pole in the Arctic Ocean and subarctic seas of the Northern Hemisphere. Their faces feature two small eyes, a mustache and two long tusks.Walruses weigh from 600 to 1,500 kilograms (1,320 to 3,300 lbs.) [citation needed]. [54], The isolated population of Laptev Sea walruses is confined year-round to the central and western regions of the Laptev Sea, the eastmost regions of the Kara Sea, and the westmost regions of the East Siberian Sea. [59] However, it prefers benthic bivalve mollusks, especially clams, for which it forages by grazing along the sea bottom, searching and identifying prey with its sensitive vibrissae and clearing the murky bottoms with jets of water and active flipper movements. With wrinkled brown and pink hides, walruses are distinguished by their long white tusks, grizzly whiskers, flat flipper, and bodies full of blubber. Explore {{searchView.params.phrase}} by color family {{familyColorButtonText(colorFamily.name)}} However, vision in this species appears to be more suited for short-range. The male walrus displays the most aggressive behaviour as the males have to fight to gain the respect of a female walrus. [1] The Pacific walrus is not listed as "depleted" according to the Marine Mammal Protection Act nor as "threatened" or "endangered" under the Endangered Species Act. [19][20] Newborn walruses are already quite large, averaging 33 to 85 kg (73 to 187 lb) in weight and 1 to 1.4 m (3 ft 3 in to 4 ft 7 in) in length across both sexes and subspecies. Walruses use their iconic long tusks for a variety of reasons, each of which makes their lives in the Arctic a bit easier. In late spring and summer, for example, several hundred thousand Pacific walruses migrate from the Bering Sea into the Chukchi Sea through the relatively narrow Bering Strait. [91], 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T15106A45228501.en, "Use of spectral analysis to test hypotheses on the origin of pinnipeds", "Phylogeny and divergence of the pinnipeds (Carnivora: Mammalia) assessed using a multigene dataset", 10.1671/0272-4634(2006)26[411:ANMOMC]2.0.CO;2, "State of Circumpolar Walrus Populations : Odobenus rosmarus", "A new tuskless walrus from the Miocene of Orange County, California, with comments on the diversity and taxonomy of odobenids". [45][46] There were roughly 200,000 Pacific walruses in 1990. On rare occasions they are killed by polar bears or killer whales. The mustached and long-tusked walrus is most often found near the Arctic Circle, lying on the ice with hundreds of companions. [4] Walruses live mostly in shallow waters above the continental shelves, spending significant amounts of their lives on the sea ice looking for benthic bivalve mollusks to eat. [55], Even though walruses can dive to depths beyond 500 meters, they spend most of their time in shallow waters (and the nearby ice floes) hunting for food. During the 19th century and the early 20th century, walruses were widely hunted and killed for their blubber, walrus ivory, and meat. All rights reserved. The archaic English word for walrus—morse—is widely thought to have come from the Slavic languages,[9] which in turn borrowed it from Finno-Ugric languages. Odobenus comes from the Greek odous 'tooth'' and baino 'walk' . The recorded largest tusks are just over 30 inches and 37 inches long respectively. [4] They rut from January through April, decreasing their food intake dramatically. The walrus's body shape shares features with both sea lions (eared seals: Otariidae) and seals (true seals: Phocidae). It evolves into Walruskie starting at level 30. Traditional hunters used all parts of the walrus. Its skin is highly wrinkled and thick, up to 10 cm (4 in) around the neck and shoulders of males. Their tusks, which are found on both males and females, can extend to about three feet, and are, in fact, large canine teeth, which grow throughout their lives. They live in the cold northern seas around North America and Europe.. Name Game. [60] The walrus sucks the meat out by sealing its powerful lips to the organism and withdrawing its piston-like tongue rapidly into its mouth, creating a vacuum. The common name, walrus, originated with the Danish word hvalros, meaning "sea horse" or "sea cow". While some outsized Pacific males can weigh as much as 2,000 kg (4,400 lb), most weigh between 800 and 1,700 kg (1,800 and 3,700 lb). Rajesh Shri answered. You can see how Walrus families moved over time by selecting different census years. [79] Several hundred are removed annually around Greenland. Browse 3,318 walrus stock photos and images available, or search for arctic walrus or baby walrus to find more great stock photos and pictures. Their color is cinnamon brown. [27] The males reach sexual maturity as early as seven years, but do not typically mate until fully developed at around 15 years of age. The scientific name of a walrus is Odobenus rosmarus in which the word ‘Odobenus’ is derived from a Greek word Odous (tooth). [10], The coincidental similarity between morse and the Latin word morsus ("a bite") supposedly contributed to the walrus's reputation as a "terrible monster". This blubber keeps them warm and the fat provides energy to the walrus. In October 2017, the Center for Biological Diversity announced they would sue the U.S. [3] The Atlantic walrus also tends to have relatively shorter tusks and somewhat more flattened snout. [89], The "walrus" in the cryptic Beatles song "I Am the Walrus" is a reference to the Lewis Carroll poem. Calves: Walrus calves are weaned at about two years of age.There is a high mortality rate in walrus calves. [87][88], Walrus ivory masks made by Yupik in Alaska, John Tenniel's illustration for Lewis Carroll's poem "The Walrus and the Carpenter", Dutch explorers fight a walrus on the coast of Novaya Zemlya, 1596. [24] Walrus milk contains higher amounts of fats and protein compared to land animals but lower compared to phocid seals. [31] Because ovulation is suppressed until the calf is weaned, females give birth at most every two years, leaving the walrus with the lowest reproductive rate of any pinniped. Enter the answer length or the answer pattern to get better results. "Estimating the harvest of Pacific walrus, "An assessment of Greenland walrus populations", "Wildlife Conservation | Deer Hunting | Elk Hunting | Big Game Hunting", "Warming Arctic Is Taking a Toll, Peril to Walrus Young Seen as Result of Melting Ice Shelf", "Global warming could reverse a walrus comeback", "As Arctic Sea ice reaches annual minimum, large number of walrus corpses found", "Pacific Walrus and climate change: observations and predictions", "Group plans to sue over walrus protection", "The Folklore of Northeastern Asia, as Compared with That of Northwestern America", "The Eskimo of Baffin Land and Hudson Bay", "The use of molluscs to occupy Pacific walrusses (, "The Delights of Parsing the Beatles' Most Nonsensical Song", Biologist Tracks Walruses Forced Ashore As Ice Melts, Thousands Of Walruses Crowd Ashore Due To Melting Sea Ice, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Walrus&oldid=997415948, Wikipedia indefinitely semi-protected pages, Short description is different from Wikidata, All articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases, Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from September 2018, Articles with unsourced statements from September 2018, Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2019, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from June 2019, Taxonbars with automatically added original combinations, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 31 December 2020, at 11:30. Young walrus with female. [10], The compound Odobenus comes from odous (Greek for "teeth") and baino (Greek for "walk"), based on observations of walruses using their tusks to pull themselves out of the water. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/mammals/w/walrus.html. These marine mammals are extremely sociable, prone to loudly bellowing and snorting at one another, but are aggressive during mating season. [clarification needed] According to various legends, the tusks are formed either by the trails of mucus from the weeping girl or her long braids. Male walruses known as bulls are significantly larger as compared to the females which are known as cows. [4] A 28,000-year-old fossil walrus was dredged up from the bottom of San Francisco Bay, indicating that Pacific walruses ranged that far south during the last Ice Age. Walruses have unusually long protruding teeth called tusks. The most distinguishing feature of all walrus are its tusks, which are carried by male and female. The species name rosmarus is Scandinavian. [24] Tusks were once thought to be used to dig out prey from the seabed, but analyses of abrasion patterns on the tusks indicate they are dragged through the sediment while the upper edge of the snout is used for digging. For example the Pacific Walrus bull which is one of the largest of the Pinnipeds second only to the Elephant Seal grows to a length of 12 ft about (3.5 m) and can weigh 1600 kg (about 3500 lbs) while the female walrus cow grows to a length of about 8 ft … Female Pacific walruses give birth to calves during the spring migration north. [69] The bears also isolate walruses when they overwinter and are unable to escape a charging bear due to inaccessible diving holes in the ice. The walrus name for the female is a cow. Smaller numbers of males summer in the Gulf of Anadyr on the southern coast of the Siberian Chukchi Peninsula, and in Bristol Bay off the southern coast of Alaska, west of the Alaska Peninsula. Mature walrus bull, photographed in Canadian High Arctic The Russian word for walrus is morzh. The walrus has played a prominent role in the cultures of many indigenous Arctic peoples, who have hunted the walrus for its meat, fat, skin, tusks, and bone. An occasional male of the Pacific subspecies far exceeds normal dimensions. As their favorite meals, particularly shellfish, are found near the dark ocean floor, walruses use their extremely sensitive whiskers, called mustacial vibrissae, as detection devices. The first three to four months are spent with the blastula in suspended development before it implants itself in the uterus. An estimated four to seven thousand Pacific walruses are harvested in Alaska and in Russia, including a significant portion (about 42%) of struck and lost animals. [6] For example, the Old Norse word hrossvalr means "horse-whale" and is thought to have been passed in an inverted form to both Dutch and the dialects of northern Germany as walros and Walross. The walrus relies on this ice while giving birth and aggregating in the reproductive period. The 200-pound Rubenesque beauty came to Marineland in 2004 as part of a shipment of walrus calves snatched from Russian waters. Its second part has also been hypothesized to come from the Old Norse word for "horse". On the ice in the Sppitsbergen. [72] However, killer whales have been observed successfully attacking walruses with few or no injuries.[73]. O. rosmarus laptevi (debated). and can be as long as 3.2 meters (10.5 feet), according to the Animal Diversity Web (ADW), a database maintained by the Museum of Zoology at the Un… The oldest recorded birth by the Social Security Administration for the name Walrus is Saturday, September 22nd, 1928. [49] The Atlantic walrus once ranged south to Sable Island, Nova Scotia, and as late as the 18th century was found in large numbers in the Greater Gulf of St. Lawrence region, sometimes in colonies of up to 7,000 to 8,000 individuals. The female walrus Polosa and her young offspring swim in a pool in the Arctic Ocean in Hagenbeck Zoo. Male walruses, or bulls, also employ their tusks aggressively to maintain territory and, during mating season, to protect their harems of females, or cows. [78], Hunter sitting on dozens of walruses killed for their tusks, 1911, Walrus tusk scrimshaw made by Chukchi artisans depicting polar bears attacking walruses, on display in the Magadan Regional Museum, Magadan, Russia, Trained walrus in captivity at Marineland, Walrus being fed at Skansen in Stockholm, Sweden, 1908, Walrus hunts are regulated by resource managers in Russia, the United States, Canada, and Denmark, and representatives of the respective hunting communities. [36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44], In 2006, the population of the Pacific walrus was estimated to be around 129,000 on the basis of an aerial census combined with satellite tracking. Several place names in Iceland, Greenland and Norway may originate from walrus sites: Hvalfjord, Hvallatrar and Hvalsnes to name some, all being typical walrus breeding grounds. Walruses have lots of things similar to true seals and eared seals. Skin and bone are used in some ceremonies, and the animal appears frequently in legends. These tusked animals use their overgrown teeth as multi-purpose tools to survive in their habitats. Only Native Americans are currently allowed to hunt walruses, as the species' survival was threatened by past overhunting. [58], The walrus has a diverse and opportunistic diet, feeding on more than 60 genera of marine organisms, including shrimp, crabs, tube worms, soft corals, tunicates, sea cucumbers, various mollusks, and even parts of other pinnipeds. Walrus, Odobenus rosmarus, stick out from blue water on white ice wit. [47][48], The much smaller population of Atlantic walruses ranges from the Canadian Arctic, across Greenland, Svalbard, and the western part of Arctic Russia. This species is subdivided into two subspecies:[2] the Atlantic walrus (O. r. rosmarus), which lives in the Atlantic Ocean, and the Pacific walrus (O. r. divergens), which lives in the Pacific Ocean. Winter Arctic landscape with big animal. [4] They are not particularly deep divers compared to other pinnipeds; their deepest recorded dives are around 80 m (260 ft). O. rosmarus rosmarus O. rosmarus divergens The walrus is the only living species in the family Odobenidae and genus Odobenus. Females weigh about two-thirds as much as males, with the Atlantic females averaging 560 kg (1,230 lb), sometimes weighing as little as 400 kg (880 lb), and the Pacific female averaging 800 kg (1,800 lb). In 1880 there was 1 Walrus family living in California. The Walrus family name was found in the USA in 1880. The Crossword Solver found 21 answers to the Walrus crossword clue. While some of these uses have faded with access to alternative technologies, walrus meat remains an important part of local diets,[77] and tusk carving and engraving remain a vital art form. Like eared seals, they can rotate their back flippers … [65] Walruses may occasionally prey on ice-entrapped narwhals and scavenge on whale carcasses but there is little evidence to prove this. They can remain submerged for as long as half an hour. The maximal number of teeth is 38 with dentition formula: 3.1.4.23.1.3.2, but over half of the teeth are rudimentary and occur with less than 50% frequency, such that a typical dentition includes only 18 teeth 1.1.3.00.1.3.0[4], Surrounding the tusks is a broad mat of stiff bristles ("mystacial vibrissae"), giving the walrus a characteristic whiskered appearance. You are a unique individual. The origin of the word walrus is thought by J.R.R. From 1880 to 2018 less than 5 people per year have been born with the first name Walrus. Thinner pack ice over the Bering Sea has reduced the amount of resting habitat near optimal feeding grounds. [71] Polar bear–walrus battles are often extremely protracted and exhausting, and bears have been known to break away from the attack after injuring a walrus. Sexual maturity occurs at six to seven years of age in females, eight to ten years in males. The male walrus tends to average a larger body and tusks than the female walrus (Renouf 1991). Did you know this about walruses? Fixed genetic differences between the Atlantic and Pacific subspecies indicate very restricted gene flow, but relatively recent separation, estimated at 500,000 and 785,000 years ago. In the 18th and 19th centuries, the walrus was heavily exploited by American and European sealers and whalers, leading to the near-extirpation of the Atlantic subspecies. The females begin ovulating as soon as four to six years old. [15] These dates coincide with the hypothesis derived from fossils that the walrus evolved from a tropical or subtropical ancestor that became isolated in the Atlantic Ocean and gradually adapted to colder conditions in the Arctic. [83][84] Analysis of trends in ice cover published in 2012 indicate that Pacific walrus populations are likely to continue to decline for the foreseeable future, and shift further north, but that careful conservation management might be able to limit these effects. [14] The key distinguishing feature was the development of a squirt/suction feeding mechanism; tusks are a later feature specific to Odobeninae, of which the modern walrus is the last remaining (relict) species. The diet of the Pacific walrus consist almost exclusively of benthic invertebrates (97 percent). The Crossword Solver finds answers to American-style crosswords, British-style crosswords, general knowledge crosswords and cryptic crossword puzzles. The population of walruses dropped rapidly all around the Arctic region. Young walruses are deep brown and grow paler and more cinnamon-colored as they age. Rosmarus is Scandinavian denoting a Walrus. Family on cold ice. [86], The walrus plays an important role in the religion and folklore of many Arctic peoples. Their tusks, oil, skin, and meat were so sought after in the 18th and 19th centuries that the walrus was hunted to extinction in the Gulf of St. Lawrence and around Sable Island, off the coast of Nova Scotia. [90], Another appearance of the walrus in literature is in the story "The White Seal" in Rudyard Kipling's The Jungle Book, where it is the "old Sea Vitch—the big, ugly, bloated, pimpled, fat-necked, long-tusked walrus of the North Pacific, who has no manners except when he is asleep". Nicknames, cool fonts, symbols and tags for Walrus – Waffle, Wally, Wilfred, Whiskers, Walli, Whilbert. Female Pacific walruses give birth to calves during the spring migration north. This and its lack of orbital roof allow it to protrude its eyes and see in both a frontal and dorsal direction. The extent and thickness of the pack ice has reached unusually low levels in several recent years. Olaus Magnus, who depicted the walrus in the Carta Marina in 1539, first referred to the walrus as the ros marus, probably a Latinization of morž, and this was adopted by Linnaeus in his binomial nomenclature. ][citation needed] Compare морж (morž) in Russian, mursu in Finnish, morša in Northern Saami, and morse in French. While some outsized Pacific males can weigh as much as 2,000 kg (4,400 lb), most weigh between 800 and 1,700 kg (1,800 and 3,700 lb). As with otariids, it can turn its rear flippers forward and move on all fours; however, its swimming technique is more like that of true seals, relying less on flippers and more on sinuous whole body movements. What is a female wasp called? [29] Calves are born during the spring migration, from April to June. Now you know that a female walrus is called a cow. "Ecology and Biology of the Pacific Walrus, "The sensitivity of the vibrissae of a Pacific Walrus (, "Carnivorous walrus and some arctic zoonoses", "Izembek National Wildlife Report Sept 2015", "Stock Assessment Report: Pacific Walrus – Alaska Stock", "Status of Marine Mammals of the North Atlantic: The Atlantic Walrus", "Atlantic Walrus: Northwest Atlantic Population", "Disappearance of Icelandic Walruses Coincided with Norse Settlement", 10.1890/0012-9615(2001)071[0137:CDPOPA]2.0.CO;2, "Feeding behaviour of free-ranging walruses with notes on apparent dextrality of flipper use", "Feeding and Trophic Relationships of Phocid Seals and walruses in the Eastern Bering Sea", "Narwhals, Narwhal Pictures, Narwhal Facts", "Interactions between Polar Bears and Overwintering Walruses in the Central Canadian High Arctic", "North American Bear Center – Polar Bear Facts", "A review of Killer Whale interactions with other marine mammals: Predation to co-existence", "Hunting and Use of Walrus by Alaska Natives", "Use and preference for Traditional Foods among Belcher Island Inuit". The Norwegian manuscript Konungsskuggsja, thought to date from around AD 1240, refers to the walrus as "rosmhvalr" in Iceland and "rostungr" in Greenland (walruses were by now extinct in Iceland and Norway, while the word evolved in Greenland). ( "Walrus", 2011 ; Fishbach, et al., 2008 ; Kastelein, 2008 ) Because walruses breed between January and April, the baby walruses will … It disturbs (bioturbates) the sea floor, releasing nutrients into the water column, encouraging mixing and movement of many organisms and increasing the patchiness of the benthos. [70] However, even an injured walrus is a formidable opponent for a polar bear, and direct attacks are rare. Notable fictional walruses include. In the poem, the eponymous antiheroes use trickery to consume a great number of oysters. In the wild, walrus can live slightly more than 40 years. [21], While this was not true of all extinct walruses,[22] the most prominent feature of the living species is its long tusks. 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