To put these projected increases in context: the average temperature in Australia has increased by 0.9° over the past century, since around 1910. Only the south-east and south-west corners have a temper… We also have comparison graphs and tables showing Perth rainfall for the past 4 years. Climate and average weather for Darwin (Northern Territory), Australia displayed in graphs. The driest section of Australia, with an average of less than 200 mm per year, extends over a large area from the west coast near Shark Bay, across the interior of Western Australia and northern South Australia into south-western Queensland and north-western New South Wales. In the southeast of Australia there has been a decline of around 12 per cent in April to October rainfall since the late 1990s. In Tasmania snow closed the Huon Highway south of Hobart, and a few centimetres fell in Launceston; snow settling on the ground in Launceston is very rare. The most significant natural climate driver during 2020 however was La Niña. This was in addition to the existing multi-year rainfall deficiencies in the region for the period commencing in early 2018. We then dug a little deeper into the Australian rainfall per state and month in 2017, plus the reasons why Australia is such a dry country, and more. Outside of the Murray–Darling Basin and the southeastern States water storages experienced a more limited recovery during the year, and in the north and the west of the country water storage levels continued to fall in 2020. Australia’s average rainfall total in 2019 was 277 millimetres, the lowest since records began in 1900 and about 40 per cent below normal. Rainfall observations Australia has the lowest average annual rainfall of all inhabited continents. Following some severe storms in southeast Australia around mid-January, more widespread and very damaging storms affected the region on the 19th and 20th. With over 70 percent of its land classified as arid or semi-arid, Australia is considered the driest inhabited continent in the world. The wettest spot is Mount Bellenden Ker in the north-east of the country records an average of 8,000 millimetres (310 in) per year… A significant heatwave affected much of northwest to southeast Queensland around the middle of November. Storages in the northern Basin remained below 25% capacity at the end of December. Annual mean minimum temperatures were slightly above average at most sites across greater Melbourne. After months of severe restrictions, Australians are allowed to resume domestic flights. (BoM) Australia November rainfall (BoM) SSTs around Australia have warmed by around one degree since 1910, similar to the increase in temperature observed over land. Over the course of the year, the temperature typically varies from 47°F to 80°F and is rarely below 42°F or above 90°F.. Based on the tourism score, the best time of year to visit Sydney for warm-weather activities is from late November to early April. This further declined to 36.8% in March. From the El Niño and La Niña phenomena to subtropical high pressures, there are many factors influencing the weather patterns in Australia and affecting the various Australian regions in different ways. Annual rainfall totals were in the lowest 10% of historical observations for small parts of west coast Western Australia. In this process, the moisture in the air is lost and it warms due to a phenomenon known as compressional heating. In Victoria, high temperatures were accompanied by severe thunderstorms in the early evening of 31 January, downing trees, damaging homes and powerlines, and causing traffic hazards. The last days of 2019 and first days of 2020 saw particularly hazardous fire weather, with further significant fires igniting while existing fires experienced renewed flares, as heatwave conditions continued into early January. This moves north-west and north-east with the seasons. Australia is known for a variable climate and highly variable rainfall which results in substantial variation in wheat yields. Accumulated heat in waters east of Queensland led to a mass coral bleaching event, with very widespread bleaching detected across the Great Barrier Reef. Summer (December – February) During summer, average temperatures range from 18.6 - 25.8°C (65.5 - 78.4°F), and average humidity spikes to 65%. This marks a 47% increase from the pre-industrial concentration of 278 ppm in 1750. In eastern New South Wales major flooding occurred on the Orara, Hawkesbury/Nepean, and Georges rivers. Showers and thunderstorms developed across central and eastern Victoria during the afternoon of the 19th and extended across the southwest in the evening. The drying trend is particularly strong for May–July across southwest Western Australia; this region has seen May–July rainfall decrease by around 20% since 1970. The mean temperature for the 10 years from 2011 to 2020 was the highest on record, at 0.94 °C above average, and 0.33 °C warmer than the 10 years 2001–2010. Australia's warmest year on record was 2019 at 1.52 °C above average, well above the second warmest: 1.33 °C above average in 2013. SSTs remained warm throughout the year, with large areas in the highest 10% of historical observations in each month. An intense dust storm swept through a very large area of South Australia, New South Wales, and Victoria during 23 and 24 January. West Roebuck, just east of Broome, reached 41.2 °C, a national record for August, on the 23rd, a day after Yampi Sound (75 km northeast of Derby) reached 40.7 °C on the 22nd. A large number of fires were active in southeast Queensland, eastern New South Wales, and northeastern Victoria and Gippsland at the start of the year. Queensland state, a popular holiday destination, allows visitors from the country's two most populous states, New South Wales and Victoria, after closing its borders in August. In climatology a baseline, or long-term average, is required against which to compare changes in climate over time. Fire risk has increased across the state. The IOD reached values indicative of a negative IOD for a number of weeks during late winter and early spring, but these values were not sustained long enough (a minimum of eight weeks) to be considered an IOD event. Visibility was severely reduced with many locations reporting less than 200 m. A very hot air mass brought a period of very high temperatures across southern Australia during the last days of January. Water storage in the northern Basin had reached a record low of 5.4% of combined capacity in mid-January 2020, 7.5% lower than at any point during the Millennium Drought, and did not reach above 26% during the year before dry conditions and downriver releases saw levels decline in late spring. June experienced the least rain in 2017, and had an average rainfall of about 60% less than the June average (between 1961 – 1990). Severe drought affected large parts of the country. When El Niño occurs, on the other hand, the opposite happens, with strong winds blowing from East to West (away from Australia), resulting in cooler ocean temperatures on the Australian coast, and therefore less cloud formation and rain. Several cold fronts associated with a complex area of low pressure brought widespread showers, isolated thunderstorms, small hail and gusty winds to southeast Australia between 21 and 26 September. The system weakened to an ex-tropical cyclone while travelling over the Barkly District in the Northern Territory, then moved slowly west. A coastal low during mid-December produced prolonged heavy rainfall, flooding, and significant coastal erosion in parts of northeast New South Wales and southeast Queensland. Reduced cloud cover, low humidity, and low soil moisture leads to a large diurnal temperature range (the difference between daily maximum and minimum temperatures), with both higher daytime temperatures and cooler nights. Nights were especially warm in Sydney, Darwin, Hobart, Canberra, and Brisbane. In Sydney, the summers are warm and partly cloudy and the winters are short, cool, and mostly clear. 2. As far as future predictions go with regards to Australian rainfall, it’s unconfirmed whether there will be a general increase or decrease across the country. Another main reason has been found to be of a man-made nature, however. However alternate averaging periods are also used for other purposes, such as facilitating comparison to a more recent period for climate outlooks, or to the pre-industrial period for long-term climate change. Summers are warm to hot and winters are mild, with rainfall spread fairly evenly throughout the year. While October was also warmer than average, mean maximum temperatures were close to average or cooler than average for most inland regions, southern Victoria, and Tasmania, and mean minimum temperatures were close to average for Central Australia. For eastern South Australia, western Victoria, and southwestern New South Wales annual mean temperatures were close to average. 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